Stephen has degrees in science (Physics major) and arts (English Literature and the History and Philosophy of Science), as well as a Graduate Diploma in Science Communication. Stephen has degrees in ...

In late 2023, Wojciech Brylinski was analyzing data from the NA61/SHINE collaboration at CERN for his thesis when he noticed an unexpected anomaly—a strikingly large imbalance between charged and ...

Fedor Popov is a Junior Fellow with the Simons Society of Fellows. In his series Foundation, science fiction author Isaac Asimov put forth a provocative idea that, while we can never predict the ...

A collaboration of nuclear theorists has used supercomputers to predict the spatial distributions of charges, momentum, and other properties of 'up' and 'down' quarks within protons. The calculations ...

For the first time, quarks and gluons were used to describe properties of atomic nuclei, which until now had been explained by the existence of protons and neutrons. The temporary pair of correlated ...

Two independent studies have illuminated unexpected substructures in the fundamental components of all matter. Preliminary results using a novel tagging method could explain the origin of the ...

Graphic showing the transverse motion of a quark (green sphere) inside a proton whose spin is aligned to its direction of motion (large yellow arrow). Energy.gov For nearly 40 years, physicists have ...

The hot, dense particle soup created by colliding lead nuclei breaks up pairs of weakly bound bottom quarks, as expected if the collision creates a plasma of unbound quarks and gluons. Smashing ...

Leaving the Y behind: When a proton collides with another particle (left), its three valence quarks (labelled u, u, d) will continue to fly down the beampipe, but its Y-shaped configuration of gluons ...

Billions of times each minute, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) smashes protons together, unleashing a maelstrom of energy that crystallizes into more protons, neutrons, and less familiar cousins of ...

Physicists have struggled for seven decades with the question of why there is more matter in the universe than antimatter.